Philippe Petain - Marshal Philippe Petain. By Kennedy Hickman. Philippe P. Entering the French Army in 1. St. Cyr Military Academy and the . Promoted to captain in 1. P. Later promoted to colonel, he commanded the 1. Infantry Regiment at Arras in 1. These plans were accelerated when he was informed that he would not be promoted to brigadier general. With the outbreak of World War I in August 1. Commanding a brigade when the fighting commenced, P. Performing well, he was elevated to lead XXXIII Corps that October. In this role, he led the corps in the failed Artois Offensive the following May. Promoted to command the Second Army in July 1. Second Battle of Champagne in the fall. Hero of Verdun: In early 1. German Chief of Staff, Erich von Falkenhayn sought to force a decisive battle on the Western Front that would break the French Army. Opening the Battle of Verdun on February 2.
German forces bore down on the city and made initial gains. With the situation critical, P. On May 1, he was promoted to command the Centre Army Group and oversaw the defense of the entire Verdun sector. Using the artillery doctrine he had promoted as a junior officer, P. The following April, Nivelle launched a massive offense at Chemin des Dames. A bloody failure, it led to P. With the outbreak of mass mutinies in the French Army that summer, P. While ordering selective punishment for the leaders, he also improved living conditions and leave policies. Through these initiatives and refraining from large- scale, bloody offensives, he succeeded in rebuilding the fighting spirit of the French Army. Though limited operations occurred, P. With the beginning of the German Spring Offensives in March 1. P. Ultimately stabilizing the lines, he dispatched reserves to aid the British. Advocating a policy of defense in depth, the French progressively fared better and first held, then pushed back the Germans at the Second Battle of the Marne that summer. Petain definition, Henri Philippe Omer Primary Sources Henri-Philippe Petain. Henri-Philippe Petain was born in Cauch-a-la-Tour in 1856. He joined the French Army in 1876 and attending the St Cyr Military. Get information, facts, and pictures about Henri Philippe Petain at Encyclopedia.com. Make research projects and school reports about Henri Philippe Petain. Henri Philippe Benoni Omer Joseph P With the Germans halted, P. For his service, he was made Marshal of France on December 8, 1. Following the signing, he appointed vice chairman of the Conseil Sup. Though he favored a large tank corps and air force, these plans were unworkable due to lack of funds and P. This came to fruition in the form of the Maginot Line. He held this post briefly, as well as did a brief stint as Minister of State the following year. During his time in government, P. Returning to retirement, he again was summoned to national service in May 1. World War II. With the Battle of France going poorly in late May, General Maxime Weygand and P. Five days later the government abandoned Paris and moved to Tours and then Bordeaux. In this role, he continued to press for an armistice, though some advocated continuing the fight from North Africa. Refusing to leave France, he got his wish on June 2. Germany was signed. Ratified on July 1. France to Germany. The next day, P. Rejecting the secular and liberal traditions of the Third Republic, he sought to create a paternalistic Catholic state. Effectively a client state of Nazi Germany, P. In September 1. 94. Allied landings in Normandy, P. Unwilling to serve in this capacity, P. Though no reply was received, he was delivered to the Swiss border on April 2. Later Life: Entering France two days later, P. On July 2. 3, 1. 94. Lasting until August 1. P. Due to his age (8. World War I service, this was commuted to life imprisonment by De Gaulle. Initially taken to Fort du Portalet in the Pyrenees, he was later imprisoned at Forte de Pierre on the .
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